April 2024

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I have been, as is the norm for me, up to my ears in Everything. Most of it is (as usual) work, but I've been up to some fannish stuff too that I'd love to share. So, first, some links!

  • The Fading of the Elves: Techno-volunteerism and the Disappearance of Tolkien Fan Fiction Archives. I wrote this symposium article (on encouragement by Maria :) for the special Platforms edition of Transformative Works and Cultures. The crux of the article is the disappearance of single-fandom archives and what precipitates that. I argue that it's technology + volunteers ... techno-volunteerism, to use the term coined by Abigail De Kosnik! In short, people who are willing to volunteer their time time learn the technology needed to maintain an archive or other fannish platform. While viable options for doing so have dwindled in the wake of eFiction's demise, there has been a dearth too of education, support, and mentorship opportunities (although this does seem to be changing, I hope). Finally, the invisibility—an intentional choice on the part of those of us who do this work—can be grinding. Everyone else is hanging out, chatting, writing and reading stories, and you're updating software. Yet independent, small archives are a vital part of the fannish ecosystem, so what needs to change to make them a viable part again?


  • Discord as a Fandom Platform: Locating a New Playground by Welmoed Fenna Wagenaar. This one is not mine, obviously, but it appears in the same special edition of TWC, and one of the two Discord servers discussed is the SWG! The author uses the lens of play to study how "users interact with and negotiate rule-based structures and designs" on a Discord server. The SWG functions in the article mostly as an example of a moderated space, but I'm okay with that. I'm proud of the work my comoderators do on the server to keep it a safe and friendly space!


  • Ten Important Moments in Tolkien Fanfiction History. For February's Cultus Dispatches column, I thought I'd give myself an "easy month," which I think I defined at the time as "no data to crunch or graphics of said data to make," for the Organization for Transformative Works' challenge to write a "10 things" essay about fandom Ha. HA. This was not an easy article to write! In fact, I think it was my most challenging Cultus article to date. Not only did I have to choose ten things (which is very political and potentially fraught, as more than one person who clearly thought this was a bad idea pointed out), but I had to do enough research to speak with some authority on all of them. I quite liked the resulting article, though. It was worth the effort!


  • Grief, Grieving, and Permission to Mourn in the Quenta Silmarillion (text, audio, and slideshow). This is my presentation for this year's Tolkien at UVM Conference. The theme was Tolkien and Psychology, and this was my attempt to achieve a tenuous connection to the theme while yattering on, yet again, about narrative bias with a hearty scoop of quantitative data. In this presentation, I look at the data not only on death in the Quenta Silmarillion (who dies? and how? ... other than "lots" and "violently," that is) but on grief and mourning. What I've discovered is, yet again, Tolkien has constructed a pseudohistorical text that shows clear narrative bias, this time using death and mourning rituals cast certain characters in politicized ways. In other words, some characters go conspicuously ungrieved and unmourned. Others receive more than their fair share, and very often, this seems to be motivated by a desire to distract from what they were up to when they died. (Fair warning that I knock a few heroes of The Silmarillion off of their tear-washed and haunted pedestals, including my own namesake!)


So Tolkien at UVM was this weekend. This is honestly one of my favorite weekends out of the year. Grundy comes up from Jersey, sian22redux comes down from Ontario, and we have a splendiferously nerdy weekend in Burlington, closing places down because we get so involved in talking (not just about Tolkien! but there's a bit of Tolkien stuff in there too!) that we tend to lose track of how late it is until we realize they are putting up the chairs around us ...

The conference itself is excellent every year. Vermont is a bit out of the way, and early April is not the best time to be in Vermont (it's usually rainy and cold, and it's mud season, though that's less noticeable in B-ton), but the conference itself is always warm and friendly and fun. (And Vermont any time of year is itself a friendly place with great food, minimal crowds, and cheap/free parking!) This year's presentations were excellent, as I have come to expect from many years now attending this conference; several of them got my brain turning in new ways, including about my own topic, which I might expand on for one of the hybrid conferences coming up this summer.

I am a very introverted person and usually have to be coaxed into socializing. (Once I'm with my friends, I have a good time. But I rarely look forward to hanging out with people beyond a very small circle.) And the past five years have hacked away at me until I feel like I have no soft edges left; i.e., I am sometimes a crabby person. I am very often in the role these days of "advocate," which means I don't get to go with the flow, and I say "fuck" a lot. But I do look forward to this weekend so much each year and cracking out of my shell, and I'm actually feeling sad right now that it's over.
I am very, very bad at promoting my own work, and it's not the usual reason of shyness or imposter syndrome. Oh, I did my rounds with those (I think most professional women have), but I beat those demons if not dead than insensate by watching how men behaved and using that as a license to act the same. Rather, I tend to neglect promoting my work because I run out of time and I despise social media!

Today is the first day of summer break, so I can't use the time excuse, and Dreamwidth isn't really social media to me, at least in the same way that Twitter and Tumblr are (and don't even mention Facebook; the see-you-next-Tuesday word sounds less foul to my ears). So! Here are some things I've done that I want to share.

First and most (to me) importantly is my Independent Archives Survey. The background: Some fandoms (like Tolkien) used to have many independent archives, which I'm defining as a fan-run site for sharing fanworks that is unaffiliated with any corporate or nonprofit organization. Most of those archives are gone, and most of those that remain are inactive. Part of the problem is that there are few options available for building archives; eFiction used to be a go-to, but it has not been updated in a while, and the code is no longer stable.

About a year ago, I took on a Drupal project and decided, while working on it, to draft a tutorial for building an archive in Drupal, the content management system used by the SWG. Basically, I was seized by the "be the change" impulse that has directed so much of my life and decided to make independent archives an option again, knowing full well it would likely be a pet project that no one would GAF about but me. I plan to record that tutorial this summer, but the OTW/AO3 situation has suddenly made people interested in independent archives again. (No comment.) So this survey will help me get a sense of where the interests and needs are so that I can direct my own work accordingly. No matter what, I'm making my tutorial. Drupal is a platform with a lot of potential, and I've already drafted the entire thing. But where I'll head after that? ¯\_(ツ)_/¯ Survey data will help tell.

In the meantime, if you create or read/view fanworks in any fandom, I appreciate your input. Here's the link again: Independent Archives Survey.

Next, I've been doing a series on Cultus Dispatches, the SWG's fan studies and history column, about the term "canon." I really enjoyed writing last month's article: Affirmational Fandom, Transformational Fandom, and Two Old Tolkien Fanfics. Part of it was the journey to discovering these "two old fanfics": Lindariel was the one who discovered that the "research article" titled "A Study of the Hithlain of the Wood-elves of Lorien" was in fact mostly fanfic. For more than eighty years, it went unlabeled as such, at least as far as I've been able to find. George Heap's "Departure in Peace"—which appeared in the same issue of I Palantir—has been dubbed "the oldest Tolkien fanfic" for a long time, so it wasn't obscurity but, I suspect, that the people who had looked through that issue thus far saw the research paper format and filed the piece under "Research" rather than considering that most of the content was entirely created by Arthur Weir, the author, and not Tolkien. I don't think it's coincidental that it took a fanfic writer to spot it for what it was. All the more reason why fans of all stripes should be doing fan studies and fan history work.

The second cool thing about working on that article was how many similarities exist between fic then and fic now. I mean, "Departure in Peace" is an apologia for Sauron, anticipating all the reams of digital pages fans would spend in the online era writing to understand this or that villain. And, as the article argues, the two stories placed side by side illustrate perfectly that Tolkien-based fanfiction uses both affirmational and transformational elements.

Finally, I would be remiss if I did not mention that my presentation Stars Less Strange: An Analysis of Fanfiction and Representation within the Tolkien Fan Community is now out in the proceedings of the Tolkien Society Seminar "Tolkien and Diversity." That meant that my work appeared three times in printed books within the past year, which I'm pretty stoked about!
This is my interpretation of [community profile] snowflake_challenge's prompt for Day 2: Write a Fandom Manifesto:

Seems like we all spend a considerable chunk of our fandom time trying to convince loved ones, friends and total randos alike that our fave is in fact the best. This can take shape of anything from watch parties/read-alongs to capslock squee in DMs to relentless gifsets to PhD dissertations.

One of my favourite forms of this is the "fandom manifesto" or "fandom primer," wherein one writes up an outline of what their fave is, why it's great, and links to where one can find more (with more or less detail and formality, depending on the venue).


This isn't about the typical character, pairing, or fandom, and it's more aimed at existing Tolkien fans than people who have never heard of Tolkien or the fandom, but I think it's close enough in spirit to count so here goes.

Why Tolkien Fandom History Matters



I spend a lot of time on fandom history. If I start typing "fa" in my browser, it doesn't suggest "facebook.com" but "fanlore.org." The universe as it should be!

This might seem an odd thing to spend time on. I don't write a lot of fanfiction anymore, and wouldn't this be a better contribution? Certainly more entertaining! Who even cares about "fan history" (whatever that is!)

I think it's perilously easy, in the moment, to think that what you're doing every day, what is important to your life, won't matter long-term. Or, it will be around and like this forever. Fandom, especially, can feel frivolous. It's a hobby for nearly everyone. It's often very personal. It's often, let's face it, very silly—by design.

I think it's the opposite. I think it's part of a moment—and an important part of that moment—similar to when cultures transition from oral to written traditions, or when cultures that have developed writing transition between scribal and print production. Read more... )
A couple years ago, I decided to stop doing Fandom Snowflake ([community profile] snowflake_challenge) because many of the prompts, while awesome, repeated from year to year, and I'd just gotten all I could from them. But this year, they are killing it with the prompts. Four have been posted, and I want to do them all. (Yes, this is a plug to go check them out if you are not familiar with them or if you, like me, stepped away at some point!)

I'm doing Day Three: Scream into the Void here:

I know Snowflake is sunshine and rainbows and singing from the rooftops all the lovely and brilliant that is being in a fandom. But, let’s be honest. Sometimes--like with other things--there are sucky parts, heartbreak parts and just plain UGH parts. Rather than holding onto those slights and resentments, or burying them and pretending they don’t exist, just to have them slowly and almost imperceptibly seep into the rest of the challenges this month, why don’t we just let it all out?


So I'm going to go all deprived-toddler-in-the-candy-aisle about Tolkien fanfic fandom's disappearing archives. I want to clarify at the outset that I am not screaming about archivists who gave up or even "abandoned" their archives, even those who are popularly looked at kinda like >.> for doing so. Rather, I'd like to pound my tiny fists about the forces of fandom and the internet and, what the hell, the whole goddamn universe that have landed us where we are.

And where is that, exactly?? I was able to find three Tolkien-specific fanfiction archives that had five or more stories posted to them in the year 2022: the Silmarillion Writers' Guild, Stories of Arda, and the Valar Guild. Three. THREE. Tolkien Fanfiction and Open Scrolls Archive at least had a story posted to them in 2022, and nine sites remain available online but haven't had anything new for at least a year. Kudos on them for staying open but that's also pretty fucking sad that no one sees them as more than artifacts.

Back in October, I posted a preliminary archive timeline that was part of a roundtable I presented on at the Fan Studies Network North America conference. Read more... )
I have been busy with fandom stuff over the past month or so. Some of this stuff is going to be old news to the people who are reading here. But for everyone else, here's a month's worth of fannish things!

First of all, my paper Affirmational and Transformational Values and Practices in the Tolkien Fanfiction Community has been published in the Journal of Tolkien Research. JTR is open-access, so you can read the whole thing for free. Yay, JTR!

The paper is the culmination of a lot of years of research and griping in fannish spaces that really originated with my observation, when I first started reading scholarly work about fanfiction, that much of my marginalia was along the lines of "Not Tolkien fanfiction!" I loved fan studies meta so much but felt like much of it wasn't about me and what I did. For the longest time, because of this sense, I focused on what made Tolkien fanfiction different from other fandoms' fanfiction, which was not the most productive approach, since that's comparing a single, very diverse entity to an enormously vast category (with tens of thousands of also very diverse entities) where every conclusion drew a ready exception. Instead, I started looking more at the theories in the scholarship and encountered the idea of affirmational/transformational fandom first put forth by obsession_inc, that places fanfiction largely within "transformational fandom." (Affirmational fandom values the original creator's authority, including the canon, while transformational values the fan's freedom to rework, reinterpret, and repair the original text based on the fan's own experiences.) I found that that didn't mesh well with my understanding of Tolkien fanfiction, which I see as a mixture of both types. (And to be clear, obsession_inc was not proposing a binary, but fan studies' work has leaned heavily toward the transformational.) So I dug a bit deeper into the research and found that, yes, my survey data, as well as other evidence, supported my sense, as a Tolkien fanfic writer myself, that we don't fit as comfortably on the transformational side as fan studies scholars have suggested of other fanfic. (I have my doubts there too, but I am not familiar enough with those fandoms to comment any deeper than that, so I'll let others do that work if they agree.) The article presents my research and conclusions that, ultimately, how we negotiate canon and authority and critical and reparative motives in our fandom is really complicated and shapes not only the stories we write but how we've built our communities.

Over December break, I finished two stories. First, I finished Home Alone: Forgotten in Formenos (SWG), my Silm/Home Alone crossover. This was rough, in the midst of losing Lancelot. I wrote the final 14K words in the two days before Christmas and did the "Battle Plan" map on Christmas. He was my constant companion in the study while I was working, so it was nice to finish it for him. I know Christmas is past, as is likely the taste for this story, but I'm still just happy I finished it. And hey, my sister-in-law listens to Christmas music year-round, so she can't be the only one who can tolerate jollitude outside the parameters of Thanksgiving-Epiphany that we impose in my family. It's also on my website and AO3.

I also wrote a Tolkien Secret Santa pinch hit for [personal profile] fernstrike: Yule Lights (SWG). Here's the summary:
As the new lord of Ost-in-Edhil, Celebrimbor must preside over a Yule festivity lacking what he loved of the celebration when he was younger, elements that have become fraught by association with Fëanor, but Annatar has a surprise for him.

It's also on my website and AO3.

Fun-lovin' wild woman that I am, my treat to myself over December break was setting up a page on Fanlore for Tolkien Fanfiction. I just scratched the surface, then RaisingCain added more after me. But it's our page. Go add stuff, even a single sentence or link to a fanwork. Or much more than that. Go tame; go wild. Just know its ours for our history and everyone is welcome.

And finally, I'll be presenting again this year at the Tolkien at UVM conference, which is on April 4 at the University of Vermont. Anyone who is going or who might be interested, let me know!

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